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Heads Up!Wild Wilderness believes that America's public recreation lands are a national treasure that must be financially supported by the American people and held in public ownership as a legacy for future generationsBLOG CONTENTOLDER CONTENT
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http://www.law.duke.edu/journals/delpf/articles/delpf13p143.htm A Strategy for Restoring America's National Parks, Fretwell*, and Holly Lippke, Michael J. Podolsky**. 13 DUKE ENVTL. L. & POL'Y F. 143-186 (2003). The example of International Paper, one of the largest timber producers in the United States, illustrates the obstacles posed by below-cost recreation on federal lands. It varies the management of its timber holdings depending on whether or not those holdings are surrounded by federal recreation land. In Arkansas, Louisiana, and [*pg 156] Texas, where the company is surrounded by private land, International Paper encourages wildlife and outdoor recreation. Although the company has allowed access to hunters and campers for many years, it began to aggressively market its land to hunting clubs, individual hunters, and family campers in 1983. By 1986, recreation revenues had reached $2 million, which amounted to 25 percent of International Paper's total profits in the region. By 1999, recreation revenues from the region totaled $5 million. As proceeds from recreation increased, the company's managers deliberately made the land more attractive to its visitors. Trees are now left standing for wild-animal corridors, age diversity in the forests is maintained to support more wildlife variety, and buffers are preserved along watersheds and streambeds. Nearly two-thirds of the company's six million acres are managed for recreation across the nation. In the Pacific Northwest, however, where International Paper recently sold most of its holdings, none of the company's land was managed for recreation. The federal government owns nearly half of all lands in the Pacific Northwest, and most of International Paper's holdings were surrounded by national forest. Because hunting and camping are mostly free on Forest Service lands, the company could not earn from hunters and campers revenues necessary to cover its costs. As a result, regional managers paid little or no attention to recreational values and lacked incentive to improve and protect wildlife habitat. "Free" recreation on federal land discourages others from providing it. * Holly Lippke Fretwell is a Research Associate with the Political Economy Research Center, 502 South 19th Avenue, Suite 211, Bozeman, MT 59718. She has a MS in resource economics from Montana State University. This article draws on Holly Lippke Fretwell, Paying to Play: The Fee Demonstration Program, PERC POLICY SERIES, December 1999. ** Michael J. Podolsky is a law clerk for the Honorable David A. Katz of the Northern District of Ohio. He was a ROE Fellow with the Political Economy Research Center and a graduate of the Case Western Reserve University School of Law, and has a Ph.D. in Energy and Environmental Management and Policy from the University of Pennsylvania |

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